A Birthday Remembered Essay Example for Free

A Birthday Remembered Essay Love is very complicated, not just butterflies in one’s stomach, but it also involves a lot of pain. The pain is not easy to drain. We have to confront ourselves with the pain and get over it, but that’s easier said than done. We restrain our feelings and try to forget them. This only causes an even bigger pain. That is the situation for Ellen, the main character in this short story. Ellen’s love life has been complicated, she is a lesbian and obliged to listen to people’s prejudices. Her one and only love, Jackie, dies caused by an incurable illness and she is not allowed to bury her â€Å"She has not been allowed to do this one last thing for Jackie. To be with her during the last rituals.† (l.24-25). Because of Jackie’s former husband, Roger, whom she has left to live with Ellen, but he could not accept his wife being a lesbian, because of his man-stubbornness and he even tried to declare her temporarily insane (l.15). Jackie’s daughter on the other hand thinks that what Ellen and Jackie had was wonderful and beautiful, but you don’t know yet if she’s a lesbian herself or a heterosexual (l.102). The short story is written in third-person (l. 8) â€Å"why shouldn’t she?† The narrator is not omniscient, but we have inner-angel from Aunt El since we only â€Å"hear† thoughts from her, and not from Tobie or Warrick. (line. 104) â€Å"She felt the shock of the words†. You can’t really tell if the narrator is reliable or not, since we don’t know which connection he has to any of those in the story. Neither does he try to make anyone to seem like the â€Å"bad guy†, but the narrator is making us feel sorry for Aunt El, for her big lost Jackie. (L. 24 89) â€Å"She hadn’t been allowed to do this one last thing for Jackie† â€Å"but we have to get used to living without loved ones†. The language used in this short story is very well written and is very descriptive, because of all the adjectives being used, which makes the story way more â€Å"living†. (l. 12) â€Å"Roger had been furious, appalled and angr y..† although the story is very well written it’s also a bit harsh to understand, because of some of all these adjectives and expressions. At line 37 there might be a flashback â€Å"here’s to you, Ellen Simms, on your birthday†. See more: The stages of consumer buying decision process essay The reason that this maybe could be a flashback is firstly because of the changing of the type, at only that sentence, which might give an account of her past together with Jackie before her death. One thing that was striking me was that the story is written in the preterit, but at the same time the narrator uses direct speech, which I think is a bit odd, since you normally writes the whole story in either present or the past, and very seldom a combination of the 2 indication of times. We have two main characters in this story, who’s Aunt El and Tobie: Aunt El / Ellen Simms is an old women who lives by herself. She used to be heterosexual and lived together with a man named Roger. They had a kid together named Tobie which is 15 years old. Ellen chooses to leave Roger because she’s changing her sexuality, and becomes a lesbian and falls in love with Jackie. But unfortunately Jackie died one year from now on, which leaves her alone with Tobie, and chooses to return back t o the father Roger. Ellen is a very obliging and kind person. She really misses her old flame Jackie, and cares a lot about Tobie whether her sexuality is heterosexual or lesbian (l. 83) â€Å"suppose it had been a girl? People choose who they want.† She seems considerate, when she offers Tobie and Warrick a hot cocoa, and remembers that young’s always are hungry and decides to make them some sandwiches. Tobie is daughter of Ellem Simms and the late Jackie. She’s 15 years old, but doesn’t have an abundance of friends (l. 20) â€Å"Tobie never had an abundance of friends†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She has short blond hair, had lineament from her father and a nice smile (l. 53-55). She cares about Ellen, since she’s the only one who shows up at her birthday and brings a present, which she has been saving money, for about a week. The way she earns these money is through her job in the library (l. 68) â€Å"I’m a library page after school..† helpful is also a good word, that would describe, which you can see in the story, when she offers her help to go and make cocoa together with Ellen. It seems she trusts Ellen more than her own father, since she decides to show Warrick for Ellen instead of her father. The message in this short story, is that pain will always be there, but only temporary, but at the same time hard to get over. That love is a big (maybe the biggest) part of our life and we should not regret, but remember the good times you’ve had with those you’ve loved. Don’t take anything in vain, live your life. And it doesn’t care if you are a heterosexual, lesbian or gay, just as long as you are happy. The title of this story is â€Å"a birthday remembered† which I guess is chosen because of all the emotional feelings that’s stepping in strength through this story and especially the quote from the daughters side â€Å"I hope it will be as wonderful and beautiful as what you and mom had together†.

Non-GMO Plant Breeding Techniques :: Food Agriculture Science Papers

Non-GMO Plant Breeding Techniques Works Cited Missing Introduction In 1997 genetically modified foods were introduced to commercial agriculture in the form of herbicide resistant soybean seed (Farnham, Wang, and Wisner 2000). The seven years since have marked a major change in the way people worldwide look at food and its production. It has become an important issue for farmers, consumers, the government and world economies, as the safety and ethics of GMOs are debated. In response to the use of GMOs, and the overall distrust many consumers have toward them, there has been an explosion in the marketing of organic foods. All this talk about genetically modified foods and the increasing popularity of organic foods brings to the forefront an important question. How much do we know about the production of non-GMO/organic crops and can it be considered safer and more ethically sound in comparison to GMO plant production? Historical Plant Production Throughout history crop production has been an ongoing process of altering the genotype of plants to improve their yield. It has been traditional for farmers after every season to harvest seeds from the plants that appear phenotypically superior, saving them to be planted the following season. After thousands of years of doing this food crops today are a far cry from the wild lineages they were derived from (Chrispeels and Sadava pg331). While wild lineages have undergone centuries upon centuries of natural selection producing successive generations of offspring adapted to the environment, domesticated species have undergone the pressures of hand selection. This results in observable differences between domesticated plants and their wild relatives. Todayà °s crop plants have no natural seed dispersal mechanisms, nor seed dormancy periods to overcome seasonal weather conditions. Crop plants have been bred for similar growth habits so that at the time of harvest they are of uniform s hape and size (Kimball, 2000). This is the reason for example that we do not see shrubby corn or viney wheat varieties. Congruency of this type among crop species has made it easier for farmers to develop universal harvest mechanisms. Gigantism is the term given to the huge difference in the size of the fruiting bodies of crop plants versus wild relatives, which is due to the selection of the seed from parent plants that produce large fruits (Chrispeels and Sadava pg342). In the 1700à °s people began to cross plants with the intention of making crop plant varieties superior to those in existence, as opposed to the traditional and more passive method of hand picking seeds from superior plants.

Indomie Pomotion Mix

Description Seth Gooding, a best selling-writer of Marketing once said, â€Å"Marketing is a Contest for People Attention. â€Å". A simple yet meaningful quote sums up of how marketing should work. It should be leaned on a form of communication which attract people attention and further influence them to buy the product. This idea is known as Promotion. Promotion is arguably as the most important part of marketing mix. Because without any promotions, no matter how great the idea is, or how the competitive the price Is, It will be no availed.Good promotions will bring Influence ND attracting potential buyers In deciding what products they will buy. Especially, In a very competitive market conditions, even a little advantages in Promotion enough to make differences between a firms to another. Put it simply good promotion, more money. In reaching this goal a Marketing Manager has to modify and combine several different methods of Promotions which can bring maximal Influence for the c ustomer, which is called Promotion Blend. The Kyoto make a good promotion blends from different promotion methods, such as TV advertising, Social Media Publicity andSales Promotion, is to know all pros and cons, sticking to marketing objectives, and define the life cycle of product promoted. 2. Related Theories 2. 1 Definition of Promotion (J. P Cannon, Ph. D, W. D. Perpetual,Jar. And E. J. McCarthy, Basic Marketing, A global- managerial Approach, 19th) Promotion is communicating information between the seller and potential buyer or others in the channel to influence the attitudes and behavior. Promotion must be fitted In a specific target market and also has to be related with another aspect of Marketing Mix. 2. 2 Promotion Methods There are several Methods of Promotion available:Personal Selling Mass Selling Involves Communicating large numbers of customer, usually less flexible. But cheaper than personal selling. Examples of this method is Advertising which is paid Usage of media such as TV Newspaper, Billboard ETC Publicity Free or unpaid form of personal presentation of Ideas or products such as Press Releases. Other Examples Is usage of Internet, such as Internet message or links Sales Promotion It refers to activities that stimulates trial or purchases by the customer in the channels. This method is planned for faster result relative to other method.Promotion Objectives & Communications 2. 3 Promotions Objectives The ultimate objective of promotion is to encourage customer to buy the product. But 1 OFF the promotion is largely dependable to the market or the seller. For example, a product released of a well known Company will have different approach than new established one Basically there are 3 Promotion objectives that can be categorized, and each of this has different orientation. Informing objective, is more oriented to new release of a product, but persuading is largely used for competitive market, the last one reminding is suited for an establishe d brand.There are also another classification based on Action which is Called AID Model Promotion Objectives Adoption Process AID Model Informing Awareness – Interest Attention-Interest Persuading Evaluation- Trial Desire Reminding Decision-confirmation Action 2. 4 Effective Communication on Promotion Promotion is wasted if it's not communicated effectively. The main reasons for these are Noises Misinterpretation Example of Communication Process 2. 5 How Promotion Plans Blended and Integrated There are 2 types of promotion effort approaches Pushing through channel: Normal Promotion Effort.This approaches use intermediaries and emphasizes on importance of securing channels and to the final user. The Sales relates directly to retailers and wholesaler, and because of the nature of competition, usually the Company will make short arrangement that are more beneficial than the competitors to ensure retailers will buy all the product. Pulling by customer (Requesting Product) This ap proaches ensure customer to ask intermediaries the products. 2. 5. 2 Promotions blends over life cycle Promotion blends likely to change its objectives, based on the different life cycles stages Introduction: Informing about ProductsGrowth: Emphasizing in stimulating demand or persuading Maturity: Promotion should relied on mass selling or selling promotion. If firm already well established, usually it has competitive advantage- Decline: Promotion cost are lowered to prevent lost, and sales are more oriented to specific market 3. Profile brand in Indonesia and how it become irreplaceable in its market for more than 3 decades. This paper will also further explore few important examples of this brand promotion media and tools. The name of this product is Indore Indore, which is an Instant Noodle produced by Indoors SETI Maker is more than Just a brand.It's the worlds largest instant noodle manufacturer founded in 1982 by Mr. Siding Salami. It's deeply rooted as a food that binds with Indonesian Culture, with different kind of customer, rich poor, old or young, On the tallest building on Jakarta, or coldest peak in Budgeting. Indore is also distributed in more than 10 countries. Even â€Å"Indore† word has become a synonym word for Instant Noodle. For years Indore has won many award such as Most Valuable Product, Top Brand for Kids, Indonesia Best Brand Award, The Most Effective Ad, Indonesia Best Packaging Award, Encourage AssailProud Indonesia, and The Most Powerful Distribution Performance. This shows how huge the brand 4. Analysis 4. 1 Personal Selling Strategy As a famous and accomplished brand, Indore doesn't rely on Personal Selling Strategy anymore. This further shown by lack of sales or personal seller employed by Indoors 4. 2 Mass Selling Strategy Advertisement 1. Media TV In this era of consumptive and modern lifestyle, the Television is arguably the center of all media and its influence can't be ignored. So television Commercial promotion is al ways become the promotional of promotion.This is what Indoors do correctly. For example, many of the commercials of Indore has ass Length, and some of it, even pass one minute duration. This might be sounds expensive, but for a Market Leader, this kind of advertisement is to be expected. Also, there are few points of Promotion that is very well executed by Indoors n the commercial: Catchy Tagging â€Å"Monodies, seller's† is a well known tagging. This simple statement fills the objective of promotion which is Reminding. Indore has already an established brand, and there is no need to persuade or trying.Indoors choose a simple way to remind people about Indore. Also, this simple tagging will not allow any misinterpretation. Commercial As a market leader, Indies's commercial is always highlighting at the nation- acknowledgement of the product. Many of the Commercial shows the nature and culture of Indonesia. Indoors knows that Indore has become a cultured product, and thus, usi ng this as an advantages against its competitors In Introducing New type of Product When releasing new types of product. Mime Rending and Mime Cable ‘Jog, Indoors based on the uniqueness of the product.It fulfills the objective of Promotions, which are Informing and persuading the customer. 2. Bill board and Newspaper Indore doesn't rely on these types of mass selling as promotion blend. Compared to TV, the Billboard or any conventional means of Advertising is relatively low. The Numbers of billboard isn't as many as Cellophane provider or Cigarette company which are the main user of bill board. 3. Internet based promotion. Much like printed types of advertisement, Indoors also doesn't really use the internet as a mass selling advertisement. But The faceable page of Indore is quite popular.With more than 600 thousand likes. Publicity As a well known and established product, Indoors rarely used any Publicity moves such as press releases. Let also related to the type of product. Indore, which is a food brand isn't often to release new type of product. 4. 3 Sales Promotion Aimed at Final Customer Jingle Dare Contest In 2008, Indore released a contest which objective is to create its new Jingle. This contest generates many participants especially younger people and high school students. By using this contest, it sparks attention to people.Even though the numbers of participants are not necessarily reflect the number of increasing customers, but It surely generates the hype and reminds potential customer of the product. Pap Criteria Contest In 2011, a very interesting advertising Commercial from Indore aired on television and Radio. The advertisement tells us about a person story about Indore. So Indoors encourages people to send their story to email, and those who are lucky, can have their story be shown on Commercial. This also generates people attention for the Brand itself.While not many stories being made to commercial, but this sales promotion has succe ssfully, increase the attentions of customer. Online Contest Indore has also successfully create contest in Social Media, such as â€Å"Foot Barren Undermine†. This sales promotion, is targeted to younger markets. Aimed at Wholesalers Wrung Kopi Partnership In Guajarati and few other cities, If someone wants to open a wrung kopi booth. They can get discounted price if they lay a banner on their wrung Kopi. This is one of the approaches of promotion, known as Pushing, an approaches focuses on giving intermediaries facilities. Medium Bertram Peddling Indore Indoors also facilitates those Worktop Retailers to go back to hometown every idol flirt for free. This is also a way to make sure that those intermediaries have more incentives to buy Indore, not other brands. These Wholesaler oriented strategies is often become decisive and crucial. Because, many of Indore bought, isn't directly from Indoors, nor from the big retailers, but from these small retailers. By keeping good relat ionship and shares benefits with them, it will ensure that Indore will be he first choice for final customers.For years, Indore stance as the number one Instant noodle brand in Indonesia, is unquestionable. But suddenly, In 2003, Windproof release a brand named Mime Sedan. With its â€Å"Shrink† fried onion and its Massive stream of commercials, suddenly Mime Sedan is threatening Indore throne. This unprecedented entrance has caught Indore off guard. Surely and Slowly, Indore faced a fierce competitor which has taken a large chunk of the market Mime Sedan from Indoors, penetrate the market with yet simple but effective Promotion Blend: Heavy Advertising Mime sedan released many creative Advertising especially in Television.But these, Massive airings of Commercial isn't hastily made. These Commercials are often highlighting Mime Sedan superiority over other brand such as Use of Crispy Fried Onion, and thicker sauce. Also Mime Sedan successfully maximize the brand name, to make customer orientating their brand to â€Å"Sedan† which means delicious. Another key to the this promotion blend, is the one minute long Advertisements. With brand Ambassador like Paid. Mime Sedan has successfully creates â€Å"grand† feeling of its ads . Counter by Indore Finally in 2005, Indoors launches many commercials and heavy promotions to counter Mime Sedan.One minute TV commercial which objectives it for reminding people that Indore is the pioneer of Instant Noodle is shown repeatedly and many new tastiness are created . Also, sales promotion such as Jingle Contest is aired to generate attention for younger audience. The main objectives of promotion blend for Indore, is changing. It's no longer based on Reminding,because its clearly not enough but also Persuading people. Indore successfully exploits the fact that Indore has been a top of the mind product for a long time and this is a competitive advantages over mime sedan.By persuading people that Indore, is s till number one in Indonesia and with helps of massive advertising and sales promotion, the Market is slowly gained back. The shift on the market slowly changes to opposite direction towards Indore. Conclusion Indore has been a widely known brand of Instant Noodle. Even the brand of product has become a word synonym to instant noodle. As expected, nearly all of their Promotions Method and blends concentrates, not on why they should buy it, but why they souls keep buying it.As a market leader and a product at its maturity, the objective of Indoors is to keep reminding the costumer of their product. So That they won't have change of hearts and buy other brand. Their Promotion blends consist of conventional and digital means. Although it's primarily relies on TV and Radio as the main tools. Also, Indoors focused on Pushing Strategy, which oriented to wholesaler not Just end customer. But there is also a point that has to be highlighted. Because of sudden entrance of competitors, the Pr omotion blend of Indore has to be changed.This further shows, that in a good marketing Decision, right promotional decision, it will contribute directly to the longevity of the products in surviving the market. By maintaining the competitive advantage of its own brand and keeping the right promotion blend available Indore will and still is the number one in the market.

Franklin D Roosevelt The Constitutional Convention Essay

APUSH ESSAY [placeholder introduction] 400 years is a heck of a lot of time to sort through. Yet there are a few items which stand out above all others. these are Constitutional Convention, Progressive Era, Franklin D Roosevelt The Constitutional Convention was held to write a document to replace the Articles of Confederation. The Articles of Confederation was the USian peoples first attempt at a constitution and had many issues. The federal government had little power and experienced problems with debts, interstate trade, tariffs, and rebellion. It only lasted about ten years, from 1777 when it was ratified to 1787 when the Constitutional Convention began. The Convention began on May 25, 1787 and lasted five months to†¦show more content†¦On other fronts, the US Constitution is relatively short and avoids being too specific.) When people are sworn into office to work in the government, they must swear to uphold the constitution. When supreme court justices do their job, they are interpreting the Constitution; the laws in the country must abide by it, which makes it clear how much influence the Constitution has. The Progressive era was a time of rapid change in the US. The country was finishing be ing industrialized at the beginning of the period in 1900 and the speed of the transition had caused some issues. A lot of corruption was present in the cities, such as in political machines, whose bosses were providing necessities such as food and shelter to needy immigrants in exchange for political support. Cities were overcrowded as a result of new immigrants and people seeking out newly-created jobs migrating from rural areas. The Progressive movement started with the middle class and a sense of justice for these wrongs, but soon spread to the general populace. Significant reform was passed during the Progressive era across many different aspects of life, from monopolies to conservationism. Much of this reform affected the basic function of things or helped create a foundation for the modern US. For instance, depending on when one marks the end of theShow MoreRelatedThe U.S. Constitution Essay1204 Words   |  5 Pagespower to regulate commerce trade for the national governme nt in other words the federal government could not build a strong economy. All these factors and others included lead to the fall of the Articles of Confederation. Guiding towards Constitutional Convention, where the present day Constitution was written and signed by 38 of the 41 delegates present on September 17, 1787. This paper discusses why the Founding Father’s designed the Constitution as they did and how this design has affected ourRead MoreThe American Political Tradition912 Words   |  4 Pagesevents that influenced and made up Americas history. The main focuses of the book were the Founding Fathers and the Constitution of the United States. Many famous people and well know people such as Thomas Jefferson, Andrew Jackson, and Theodore Roosevelt were focused on in the book. Each chapter not only contained information of the people and events that occurred, but also each persons thoughts toward certain things like the government and the Constitution of the United Sta tes. In the firstRead MorePresidential Power Over Immigration Throughout From The United States1480 Words   |  6 Pages Presidential Power Over Immigration Throughout From the Constitutional Convention to Recent American History Youstina E. Youssef Academy of the Canyons Middle College High School  Presidential Power Over Immigration Throughout From the Constitutional Convention to Recent American History The Constitution grants the U.S. President ample power regarding almost every aspect of governing the nation; yet, it grants him none directed specifically at immigration policies. 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Having just â€Å"fought a war of independence [from] Britain [and] the autocratic rule of King George III† (Janda 360), the founding fathersRead MoreWith Liberty and Justice for All1579 Words   |  7 Pagesthat lacked an answer during this session of the Constitutional Convention were â€Å"What exactly were those liberties?† and â€Å"How does one form a government that can coexist with those liberties?† According to Mr. Webster today’s definition of liberty is â€Å"the quality or state of being free; the power to do as one pleases.† Today the design of a government designed to protect liberty has been seems natural, but in the days of the Constitutional Convention this foreign concept came with many complicationsRead MoreThe President Can Make Federal Law On A Matter Via Executive Order1949 Words   |  8 Pagespresidential tool of executive order on immigration reform. In order to ascertain whether or not the president can issue an executive order that makes federal law on a matter for which there are no federal or state laws. Firstly, I will examine the Constitutional provisions specifically those of the executive branch. Furthermore, I will look at the historical precedents of executive orders starting with George Washington. Next, I will present various court cases that were the direct result of a president’sRead MoreHow the New Deal Changed the Course of Government and Politics1635 Words   |  7 Pagesconsidered to be a turning point in American politics, with the President acquiring new authority and importance, and the role of government in the lives of citizens increasing. The extent to which this was planned by the architect of the New Deal, Franklin D. Roosevelt, has been greatly contested, however. Yet, while it is instructive to note the limitations of Roosevelts leadership, there is not much sense in the claims that the New Dea l was haphazard, a jumble of expedient and populist schemes, or as WRead MoreChristopher Columbus : What It America?983 Words   |  4 Pagestheir own countries. At the 1787 convention, we devised a plan for a stronger federal government with three branches (executive, legislative and judicial) along with a system called checks and balances to make sure that none of these newly created branches get too much power. The Bill of Rights,10 amendments guarantee basic individual rights such as freedom of speech and religion were later added to the Constitution in 1791. As of today, there have been 27 constitutional amendments. April 12th 1861-

Genetic Testing A Medical Screening - 791 Words

The issues of genetic testing, screening also known as DNA testing is a medical screening that identifies changes in genes to identify one’s vulnerability from inherited illnesses (Pupecki, 2006). Advantages and Disadvantages of DNA Testing The primary benefits of genetic testing are to enable us to know our genetic status. When a person has a gene alteration, he or she could seek available resources like prevention and monitoring treatment options (Darden Business Publishing, 2004). The drawbacks of genetic testing are: A) when a person is believed to have a genetic disorder, he or she is prone to discrimination, prejudice or ridiculed from other people. Employers are hesitant in hiring these individuals because they are believed to pose a risk to other workers. Also, they are a liability because their disorders can compromise their job performance. B) Genetic testing is also shown to be related to certain diseases that are used by insurance industries to deny people coverage. Insurance companies believed that individuals with abnormal genetic disorders may generate potential higher costs that are not suitable for business. C) When the test result is positive it leads to depression, the victim is saddened to believe that they are carrying a harmful disease (Darden Business Publishing, 2004). What Were Pilot Reiger’s Thoughts? Specifically in Pilot Rieger’s case, DNA testing offered him early detection of the disease. It helps him find medications based onShow MoreRelatedGenetic Testing or Genetic Screening1514 Words   |  7 PagesGenetic testing, also known as screening, is a rapidly advancing new scientific field that can potentially revolutionize not only the world of medicine, but many aspects of our lives. Genetic screening is the sequencing of human DNA in order to discover genetic differences, anomalies, or mutations that may prove pathological. As genetic screening becomes more advanced and easily accessible, it presents society with difficult questions that must be asked about the boundaries of science and to whatRead MoreCase Analysis: Danville Airlines1259 Words   |  5 PagesDanville Airlines has created an ethical and legal dilemma by not being accurate, precise and clear on how they are doing medical testing, causing undue stress and potentially career-ending circumstances for Davi d Reiger, one of their best pilots. What Danville did was illegal and unethical due to negligence. David Reiger has every right to sue them to continue flying, and the medical evidence suggests that the Huntingtons disease gene can be dormant for decades before being active and changing a personsRead MoreGene Testing : Genes Affect A Single Gene Essay1398 Words   |  6 PagesGene Testing Have you ever been told you have your dad’s eyes, or your mum’s nose? Well this is because of genes. Your genes are part of what makes you the person you are. You are different from everyone alive now and everyone who has ever lived. â€Å"A gene is a hereditary unit consisting of DNA that occupies a spot on a chromosome and determines a characteristic in an organism. (Introduction to Genetics, 2016). Genes are passed on from parent to child, which then play an important role in decipheringRead MorePrimary Care Providers ( Pcp )787 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstanding of risk perceptions and acceptance of genetic risk associated to LS cancers, as PCP support is influential in an individual’s ability to adjust to carrier status and acceptance of surveillance regimens (Marquez et al., 2013; Marzuillo et al., 2013). PCP’s knowledge of LS screening of patients with cancers in a health care delivery organizations can be instrumental in assessing of LS, implemen tation, and knowledge of collaborating with a genetic team in a patients care, ensuring test completionRead MoreGenetic Testing : Types Of Medical And Forensic Tests1715 Words   |  7 Pages Genetic Testing WHAT IS GENETIC TESTING? Genetic Testing is the process of using medical and forensic tests to identify and analyse a human, animal or plant DNA sequence. It can reveal changes or mutations in your genes that may result in illness and disease. 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The Rise and Fall of Rome Essay - 1409 Words

The rise and fall of one of the greatest empires known to man, the Roman republic, were caused by several key factors. Three of which were the decline of monarchy within the empire, foreign conquests and expansion of the growing empire, and political battles between powerful officials. The decline of monarchy which caused the rise of the republic was caused by the expulsion of the last Etruscan king. An ancient Roman tale tells of how the last Etruscan king, Tarquinius Superbus, was driven from his thrown. The tale tells of how after his son, Sextus, raped a beautiful and virtuous women, Lucretia. After she was raped she told her husband what had happened, after that she took her own life, rather than permit even force to excuse for†¦show more content†¦Censors were elected by the centuries. The censor’s task was to enroll each citizen in their tribe, and place them in a social class century according to their property assessment. In time the censors acquired the powe r to revise the list of senators according to their financial and moral worth. Soon the judicial functions of censors were assigned to a praetor, an official first elected in 367 B.C by the centuries. Praetorships eventually increased in number. The consuls inherited much of the king’s responsibilities, but did not inherit his religious duties. His religious responsibilities passed to the Rex sanctorum. But in time the Pontifex Maximus became the leading and most important religious official. The pontiffs were the caretakers of the unwritten law. They were also in charge of the states religious equilibrium, with the help of the augers. The augers took the auspieces, watching the heavens for signs from the gods that they favored an undertaking. The augers possessed considerable influence of the course of events in Rome, because nothing of public importance was initiated without consulting the auspices. The priestly offices in ancient rome were highly sought after by aristocrat s because of their religious importance and political influence. As early as 501 B.C (according to tradition) the position of dictator was introduced to rome. The dictator was appointed for a maximum of six months. The dictator is appointed in order to meetShow MoreRelatedThe Rise and Fall of Ancient Rome656 Words   |  3 Pages Ancient Rome When was the last time you looked at a calendar? Did you know you were looking at an invention created in Ancient Rome? Ancient Rome was one of the biggest and greatest empires there was. People might not know about the beginning, the wars, the developments, their life, and the end of the Ancient Rome Rome was started in the eighth century B.C. / 753 B.C. It was started by Romulus in a town by the Timber River. 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The Republic had a history of many conflicts, aiding the Republic in becoming so powerful, thus making Rome become unstoppable. But as we all know from the conflicts that aroused in the past withRead MoreRoman Empire Essay943 Words   |  4 Pagesmajor cause of the downfall of Rome. The Military was a huge strong point of the Empire for most of its existence, but when generals began training armies of their own for personal use it was the beginning of the end. When that happened soldiers were solely in it for the money. The system worked for a long time, but eventually Rome s enemies began offering the soldiers higher pay thus simply buying most of Rome s army. A major military failure that contributed to Rome s downfall was the defeat and

Animal Farm a Communist Manifesto Free Essays

George Orwell’s novel Animal Farm is subtitled â€Å"a Fairy Story†, a label that may make the book seem innocent and appropriate for children and classroom settings. However, the title is misleading. Animal Farm is a work of Communist propaganda. We will write a custom essay sample on Animal Farm: a Communist Manifesto or any similar topic only for you Order Now It outlines and even encourages the overthrow of the government, and explains how to set up and maintain a communist state. It portrays government as corrupt and the public as stupid and easily manipulated. Orwell himself wavered between being a socialist and an anarchist. Considering communist China’s recent increased aggression, and deteriorating relations between them and the United States, the dangers of this novel must be weighed carefully. It is often taught in schools, despite the fact that it promotes un-American and anti-capitalist views. With today’s political tension, do we really want our youth exposed to literature that encourages them to mistrust the government and supports a communist revolution? Animal Farm is indeed communist propaganda. It describes how the animals overthrow the farmer and drive all humans from the farm. The animals create a set of laws, designed to eradicate all hints of humanity; humanity, of course, represents the capitalist government. The animals call each other â€Å"comrade†, a clear reference to communism, and after the revolution the animals are described as being â€Å"happy as they had never conceived it possible to be† (Orwell 46). The novel describes much of the procedure of running a communist state. It includes the organization of committees, and the indoctrination of the public in the form of the sheep. Snowball, one of the two pigs who leads the animals after the revolution, teaches the sheep to repeat the maxim â€Å"Four legs good, two legs bad,† which, he feels, sums up the laws of their new system – completely against humans. Methods of propaganda are also explored. Carrier pigeons are sent to neighboring farms to deliver heroic tales of the revolution and convert other farms to ‘Animalism’ – the domino effect in action. Internal propaganda is the responsibility of a pig named Squealer, whose primary function is to convince the animals that the actions taken by the pigs are for their own good. This is a clear description of how to keep a communist regime in power: as long as the pubic is convinced that all actions are for their own good, they will go along with anything. The public is constantly told that they are doing better than ever before; Squealer always tells the animals that they are producing more food more efficiently than when they were under human rule, no matter what the reality of the situation. The novel portrays government in general in an extremely negative manner, and one that is certainly intended to inspire mistrust and encourage rebellion. The government officials are represented by pigs, and are portrayed as sneaky and greedy, with only their own best interests at heart. They take the best of the food, and live in the farmhouse in luxury. Impressionable minds could take this to mean that all governments are greedy and corrupt, and again encourages rebellion. The public, too, is portrayed in an extremely negative light. The vast majority of the animals, who represent the general public, are not even intelligent enough to learn the alphabet. Most of the public is represented by the sheep, who â€Å"could get no further than the letter A† (Orwell 50). Violence is portrayed as both noble and desirable. In the beginning of the novel, the animals turn on their human keepers and attack them, driving them off the farm. This is portrayed as a noble action, and one to be proud of. It is also promotes violence against the government, and explains that the only way to put a communist regime in place is to eliminate the current government by force. When the humans are driven off the farm a second time in the novel, this time with even more violence than the first, the animals are jubilant. They are described as having â€Å"reassembled in the wildest excitement, each recounting his own exploits in the battle at the top of his voice† (Orwell 59). This is not a mere glorification of violence; it is a call for violence against the government, an act that is clearly unlawful. â€Å"Advocacy aimed at promoting the forceful overthrow of the government†¦ an be punished without violating the first amendment† (Choper 139). Religion, too, is portrayed as undesirable in Animal Farm. Religion is represented by a raven named Moses who is described as â€Å"a spy, and a tale-bearer†, and who is hated by the other animals because he â€Å"told tales and did no work† (Orwell 37). Moses is later driven off the farm, much as religion was driven from communist countries. Not only is this factor of the book anti-re ligious, it also explains to readers that for a communist regime to remain in power, religion must be eliminated. Orwell himself alternated between being an anarchist and a socialist; are the values of a man with no respect for capitalism or democracy views that we want taught to our children in schools (Storgaard 5)? Our schools should be teaching children how to be good Americans, not feeding them communist propaganda in the form of fables. Animal Farm is dangerous and inflammatory. It contains instructions for staging a revolution and putting a communist regime in place, and encourages the overthrow of the government. Young minds should not be exposed to this manner of propaganda in school. How to cite Animal Farm: a Communist Manifesto, Essay examples

Managing Global Megaprojects Management †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Managing Global Megaprojects Management. Answer: Introduction: As mentioned by Mir and Pinnington (2014), in order to successfully complete a project, it is important to apply accurate knowledge along with skills for perfectly implementing the same. The entire process of directing and controlling the activities within a project can be divided into five main phases. In the initial phase, initiation and conception of the project is done. It will be important to analyse the benefits of initiating the project for the society and Organisation. There will be a decision making team, who will investigate upon the practical application of the proposed project. In the next phase the project will be defined by implementing effective plan. The planning phase is also believed to be the most important step of project management. The success rate of the project is entirely dependent upon the initial plan that has been implemented. This planning will include the budget and the schedule for the project along with allocating the resources that are needed in the following phases. The next step of the project is about launching execution of the plan. In this type all the resources of the project will be equally distributed among all the teams and members involved in completion of the project. Important project related information also need to be shared with every members of the project team (Pinto 2014). In the following step, it is the duty of the project manager to ensure and monitor the progress of the project. It is highly recommended for them to prepare a project report, which will have the evidence of the current status of the project. The project managers can also bring about necessary changes, which is required to deal with few of the barriers. The members of the project can also discuss the issues there encountering with the project manager and thereby implement proper intervention steps. It is also the duty of the project manager to ensure that all activities of the project are completed within the scheduled time. The final step is about project clos ure. In this type, the client group will approve the project and evaluate the same. The client can also demand for new changes within the project if they are not satisfied with the overall activity. It is important to follow all the steps properly in order to successfully complete any type of project, which are aimed for the development of the society or an organisation. As mentioned by Serra and Kunc (2015), it is not only important to prepare the plan for the project or have perfect knowledge, it is also essential to ensure that the knowledge is being utilised properly to deal with all forms of challenges within the step of project. Critical factors for failure in project management The complexity of different type of projects in Engineering or management work are believed to be the prime cause or critical factors for project management failure. As mentioned in the report of Qubaisi et al. (2015), more than 50% case of incomplete or a successful project is due to the fact of shortage in the fund. During the time of project planning, it may not be possible for the project managers to estimate the perfect budget due to the lack of experience or any unfavourable external business environment. In many of the cases, it may also not be possible for the project managers to evaluate all forms of risks that are involved within the project. Hence it can be said that poor forms of leadership by the project managers are mainly responsible for ineffective project planning. The managers are also responsible for not having the ability to deal with several number of workers, who are involved in the path of project activity. Inaccurate documentation or monitoring system that are implemented by the project management group is also one of the major cause of project failure. As the managers are not properly able to track the project planning and the progress, it may not be possible for them to ensure that all the project activities are completed properly. Once an important project is being delayed, the project manager and team members have to face with the extra pressure of handling the negative impact and pressure from the management group or the client. In the part of Middle East, there has been huge number of records in completed project work in regions of Abu Dhabi (El-Sayegh and Mansour 2016). The lack of coordination between the project team members and workers are believed to be one of the prime cause of project failures in the areas. It is highly essential for the project workers and managers of the construction industry to properly define each and every step involved in the project and implement effective communication strategy in order to develop proper coordination. The scope of the project is highly dependent upon the communication techniques that are being implemented within the project team. The life cycle of the project is also highly dependent upon the scope that are being developed within the project activity. In the regions of Middle East, and in places of Abu Dhabi the project team manager of construction or Engineering Works have to face barriers and limitations due to the external business and political environmen t. In many of the cases, the government is not able to take the initiative to support the need of the project management workers. This is mainly due to the fact of the unstable political environment in the region, where it is not possible for the project management team to seek proper support from the government in a form of perfect government policy. It is relevant to mention that UAE, is currently considered to be one of the quickly developing economy in the Middle East region. From the period of 1990, the Government of UAE has initiated several social and construction project works, which are responsible for the current economic development of the nation. However, as per mentioned in the report of AL Mousli and El-Sayegh (2015), more than half of the engineering or construction project in Abu Dhabi region are delayed. This is causing a loss of 170 million dollars every year. There are several causes of the delay or in completion of this project work that can be classified into different categories based on the nature of loss. Lack of funding from the government or private agencies is believed to be the prime cause of project delay in Abu Dhabi. The mismanagement of cash flow along with your initial planning are mainly responsible for this delays in construction work. There is also the factor of unfavourable weather situation, w hich is also one of the prime factor of project failures. In many cases the project managers are not able to evaluate the critical activities that are associated with every type of project activities. Sequencing of the activities involved in project construction work is one of the major critical factor for failure. During the middle of a project activity, the project manager may decide to change the project works. Due to the unfavourable political environment in the region of Abu Dhabi, it is highly challenging for the project workers to implement the change. It can also be noted that due to the poor leadership, it may not be possible for the Government of the UAE to properly allocate the task of project management to each team. There is certain type of delays which are caused due to change in the demand from the client group. Hence, this form of delay is considered to be excusable from the project management team. In certain cases, the project management team may demand new funding due to the change in the work of construction. However, in case of non-excusable delays which are caused due to the in efficiency of the contractors, it is not possible for the project management team to claim extra funding from the client group. The slow process of decision making in the regions of Abu Dhabi is believed to be one of the prime cause of project failures or incomplete project work (Rees-Caldwell and Pinnington 2013). An entrepreneurial insight The prime duty of an entrepreneur to overcome the delay in project management work is to provide effective leadership quality. This can be managed in the form of dealing with the resource and properly allocating the same during the initial phases (Chen 2015). It is also the duty of the entrepreneur or the Project leader to properly communicate with all groups of project workers. In order to properly complete project work in regions of Abu Dhabi it is essential for the project leader to consider all the unfavourable business conditions. This can be achieved in the form of implementing proper risk evaluation tool. The process of implementing the tool is to properly collect data from all primary sources, which includes all the statistical information from current project work in Abu Dhabi. It is also the duty of the Project leader to properly communicate with the Government of Abu Dhabi region, which will help them to understand all the barriers that can compromise up on the project qua lity and cause delay (Kardes et al. 2013). As an entrepreneur, it is highly essential to provide the correct form of leadership and bring about change in project management activities. This will help to ensure the allocated fund of the project are being properly utilised. Research philosophy is believed to be the path or protocol that are being followed by the researchers to collect and evaluate the overall relevant data. In positivism results philosophy the investigators properly analyse the real situation associated with the subject area of research. For the current investigation work analysing the present situation of all project work in Abu Dhabi will help the researchers to identify the cause of delay on incomplete project work. It is also possible to implement the interpretivism research philosophy, which will allow the investigators to properly interpret the real situation depending upon the collected data. Three Types of Research Design including descriptive, exploratory and interpretive can be applied in all investigation works. For the current research for the investigator will implement the descriptive form of Research Design, which will help them to analyse the data for cause of delays of project work in Abu Dhabi. The strategy for the research is to follow a definite framework that will help the investigator to identify all the issues related to the research topic (Taylor et al. 2015). Effective research strategy in the form of qualitative and quantitative form of data analysis will be implemented for a current research work. This is highly essential for analysing all background information for the causes of delay in project work in Abu Dhabi. The current research work will implement both primary and secondary form of Data Collection. The primary data will be collected from the interview of project managers and government officials, who are involved in different type of construction and engineering project in Abu Dhabi. On the other hand, secondary data will be collected from all previously conducted research works related to project management in Abu Dhabi. The researcher will implement non probability sampling technique. The researchers will conduct interview with 10 project managers and government officials who are involved in various form of construction and engineering project activities in Abu Dhabi. The expected outcome for the following research work will be to identify all the specific causes of delay when completed project work in regions of Abu Dhabi. The research work will also be able to estimate accurately the total funds amount, which are being lost due to in completed or delay in project work. It will also be possible for the researchers to provide and entrepreneur overview of implementing proper intervention steps to prevent failures in project management work in Abu Dhabi. Proper statistical data will also be analysed, which will help to classify all the causes of delay depending upon the nature and type of loss encountered. Timescale Total time of the research will be 3 years Research Steps Month 1-3 Month 4-9 Month 10-15 Month 16-22 Month 23-30 Month 31-34 Month 35-36 Topic Selection Data collection from Primary sources Creating Research Design Relevant Literature Plan of research Framework Selecting Appropriate Research Design Secondary data collection Interpretation of Collected data using quantitative and qualitative tools Findings from the data Drawing Conclusion Draft Submission Submission of the final report Reference AL Mousli, M.H. and El-Sayegh, S.M., 2016. Assessment of the designconstruction interface problems in the UAE. Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 12(5), pp.353-366. Chen, H.L., 2015. Performance measurement and the prediction of capital project failure. International Journal of Project Management, 33(6), pp.1393-1404. El-Sayegh, S.M. and Mansour, M.H., 2015. Risk assessment and allocation in highway construction projects in the UAE. Journal of Management in Engineering, 31(6), p.04015004. Kardes, I., Ozturk, A., Cavusgil, S.T. and Cavusgil, E., 2013. Managing global megaprojects: Complexity and risk management. International Business Review, 22(6), pp.905-917. Mir, F.A. and Pinnington, A.H., 2014. Exploring the value of project management: linking project management performance and project success. International journal of project management, 32(2), pp.202-217. Pinto, J.K., 2014. Project management, governance, and the normalization of deviance. International Journal of Project Management, 32(3), pp.376-387. Qubaisi, J.M.M.L.F.A., Elanain, H.M.A., Badri, M.A. and Ajmal, M.M., 2015. Leadership, culture and team communication: analysis of project success causality-a UAE case. International Journal of Applied Management Science, 7(3), pp.223-243. Rees-Caldwell, K. and Pinnington, A.H., 2013. National culture differences in project management: Comparing British and Arab project managers' perceptions of different planning areas. International Journal of Project Management, 31(2), pp.212-227. Serra, C.E.M. and Kunc, M., 2015. Benefits realisation management and its influence on project success and on the execution of business strategies. International Journal of Project Management, 33(1), pp.53-66. Taylor, S.J., Bogdan, R. and DeVault, M., 2015. Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley Sons.

The German Way of War

A Review of Accelerated Math

A Review of Accelerated Math Accelerated Math is a popular math practice program for grades K-12. The program is designed to provide teachers with a supplemental tool that allows them to create personalized math practice lessons, differentiated instruction, and to track student progress closely. The program was developed by Renaissance Learning Inc., which has several other programs closely related to the Accelerated Math program. Accelerated Math is intended to be a supplemental educational tool. Teachers use their existing textbook for instruction and then build and create practice assignments for students to complete. Students can complete these assignments online or in paper/pencil format. Either option can give students instant feedback and provides teachers with more time for instruction as the program scores student work itself. Accelerated Math is essentially a four-step program. First, the teacher provides instruction on a specific topic. Then the teacher creates Accelerated Math assignments for each student that parallels the instruction. The student then completes the assignment receiving immediate feedback. Finally, the teacher through careful progress monitoring can differentiate each student’s instruction to build on their individual strengths and weaknesses. Key Components Accelerated Math Is Both Internet Based and Paper/Pencil Based Accelerated Math Live allows students to complete assignments online providing students and teachers with immediate feedback.Accelerated Math also provides teachers and students with a paper/pencil option. Students can print the assignments and provide answers on specific scannable paper. The student can then scan the assignment using an AccelScan scanner, Renaissance Responder, NEO 2, or Renaissance Home Connect. The assignment will be instantly scored providing students and teachers with immediate feedback.Being Internet based allows Renaissance Learning to provide automatic updates the program and to store key data on their servers. This is easier for the school’s IT team. Accelerated Math Is Individualized One of the best things about Accelerated Math is that it allows the teacher to dictate how the program is used. This includes the ability to provide students with lessons which align with current instruction as well as lessons intended to remediate gaps a particular student may have. A teacher may also create assignments which challenge students who may be advanced.Accelerated Math allows students to work at an individualized pace. Students who demonstrate mastery quickly can move on to another challenging assignment while those who struggle can be given the time to master the current assignment. Accelerated Math Set Up Is a Mixed Bag Students and teachers can be quickly added to the system either through large batch enrollment or individualized addition.Accelerated Math assignment book set up can be difficult and confusing. Fortunately, there is a quick tip manual for getting started and a help guide you can use along the way. It takes a series of steps before your students can use the program including creating objective lists, choosing the objective list for each class, creating groups, assigning objectives, and generating the first practice assignment. Accelerated Math Provides Flexibility Teachers choose what assignments they want their students to work on allowing them to align the program with their current curriculum and meet individual needs.The program allows teachers to specify the number of questions on each assignment for each student making them short, medium, or large assignments.Accelerated Math provides teachers with more time for whole group and small group instruction as well as one on one instruction by eliminating time-consuming grading. Accelerated Math Assesses Student Understanding Accelerated Math is designed to determine whether or not a student has mastered a specific skill or concept.There are five different types of assignments that teachers can assign to their students. Each type serves a different purpose and includes: Practice – Consists of multiple choice problems that check student understanding of specific learning objectives.Exercise – A type of practice activity used to reinforce and support objectives covered in a daily lesson.Test – A student will be allowed to take a test when they answer enough practice problems correctly.Diagnostic – Useful when you need to identify specific areas in which a student is struggling. Also allows students to take a test on objectives without meeting the practice criteria first.Extended Response – Provides students with challenging problems that promote higher order thinking skills and advanced problem-solving. The program provides students and teachers with immediate feedback directing the teacher to provide intervention when necessary and allowing those students who master a concept to move to another. Accelerated Math Provides Students and Teachers With Resources Every student has access to in program resources designed to assist in student understanding. The resources include a comprehensive math glossary and work examples tied to each individual learning objective for which the student is attempting to complete.Every teacher has access to tons of resources designed aid in the successful implementation of the program on a daily basis. These include guides on how to get started, how to advance your implementation, forms and charts, and much more. Accelerated Math Is Aligned to the Common Core State Standards Accelerated Math has studied and aligned their program to the Common Core State Standards. The math content libraries in the Accelerated Math program were designed to meet the requirements of the Common Core. Accelerated Math Provides Teachers With Tons of Reports Accelerate Math has about two dozen fully customizable reports. These include diagnostic reports, mastery reports, goal history reports, objective lists, parent reports, and several more. Teachers can use the reports to guide their instruction and meet their students’ needs. Accelerated Math Provides Schools With Technical Support Accelerated Math allows you to receive automatic software updates and upgrades.Accelerated Math provides live chat support to answer questions and provide immediate resolution to any issues or problems you have with the program.Accelerated Math provides software and data hosting. Cost Accelerated Math does not publish their overall cost for the program. However, each subscription is sold for a one-time school fee plus an annual subscription cost per student. There are several other factors that will determine the final cost of the programming including the length of the subscription and how many other Renaissance Learning programs your school has. Research To date, there have been ninety-nine research studies including eighty-nine independent studies that support the overall effectiveness of the Accelerated Math program. The consensus of these studies is that Accelerated Math is fully supported by scientifically based research. In addition, these studies concur that the Accelerated Math program is an effective tool for boosting students’ mathematics achievement. Overall Accelerated Math is a solid supplemental mathematics program that teachers can use on a daily basis in their classroom. The combination of online and traditional types can effectively meet each classroom’s individual needs. The alignment to the Common Core State Standards is another welcome progression. The biggest downside of the program is that it takes multiple steps to set up the program. These steps can be confusing but this can be overcome with professional development training and/or the setup guides offered by the program. Overall Accelerated Math gets four out of five stars because the program has evolved into a terrific supplemental program that can be easily implemented into any classroom and support ongoing instruction.

Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 6

Communication - Essay Example They are still trying their best to recuperate in the wake of the troubles times that they have gone through and are still passing to this day. The information control and diffusion is an important aspect which must be understood from the social change perspectives, more so because the society on the whole has not improved drastically to counter any apprehensions which it had in the times of the colonial rule. Social change has to come from within the people themselves but the fact that change is difficult to assess under such settings compounds the whole dilemma that these developing nations face. Thus information control and diffusion seems difficult to be attained in the true sense of the word and any form of control that has been achieved thus far is due to the hard work and commitment of the people who are directly or indirectly involved with the social change processes, activities and tenets. Communication in such nations is hard to reach towards the benchmark levels because th ere are other problems which must be addressed first and the governmental regimes are trying their best to allocate more resources towards such issues and matters. Hence the aspect of information control and diffusion in a proper and adequate manner takes a back seat since the more pertinent issues are discussed in a thorough fashion. The colonial system has not helped much in the understanding basis of the information control mechanisms and the phenomenon of diffusion as well. This is because the colonial system did its trick when it was present in the olden times. But with the changing epoch, the perspectives have taken a U-turn and there is more room for comprehending the different facets, aspects and sides of a particular issue that comes from the domains of the communication tenets. This warrants attention on the part of the diffusion circles and information control hierarchies and hence the need to discern and comprehend the growth mechanisms which are

The Life and Works of James Baldwin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Life and Works of James Baldwin - Essay Example James, who was exposed to the religiosity of his stepfather, learned the significance of faith and religion in his life. Although David was not a caring stepfather, his religiosity influenced James and his brothers in a way that David had instilled Catholic morals on the family. For one, James became a youth minister in a Pentecostal Church in Harlem even at the age of 14. With his conformity to religious standards and intellectual pursuits, James gained recognition and lasting impression from his teachers, as well as his neighbors. To the people in their locality, James was considered as intelligent and righteous. He carried these values along with him as he struggled for the Negro race through participating in political and social activities as a writer. The deep religious foundations of Baldwin’s morality were later shown in his writings, as well as his preference for non-violent activism over bloody riots. As a child, James loved to read, and, during his school years, he showed an inclination toward writing. Although James showed his exemplary writing ability even in high school, he was not able to pursue his college education and other plans due to financial constraints. As the eldest child, James had to put his dreams aside and support his mother in sending his seven younger brothers to school. Thus, in his own discretion, James struggled to find a job after he graduated in high school in 1942. While putting his dreams aside means compromising his passion and talent, James considered his family as the most important part of his life. Finding a sustainable job was difficult for James. The fact that the year during which he lived was dominated by prejudice and racial discrimination, James was frequently warded off by employe rs mainly because of his color. This situation made him take whatever job opportunities that came along his way. For instance, he took the job in the railroad in New Jersey from which he was again dismissed for no apparent reason. Another significant event in James’ life was the death of his stepfather on the 29th of July 1943. On this day, also, her mother gave birth to his eighth sibling. This means that their family had grown larger, which, in turn, means that he needed to earn more for his family. In 1945, James’ life took an unexpected turn. Although, he worked during the day, he still found time to write a novel during his spare hours. His passion to read and write offered opportunities that influenced the rest of his life. For instance, he had the chance to meet Richard Wright, a writer, who helped James found a fellowship that could publish his works and support his writing expenses. In those times also, James was able to publish his stories and essays with Com mentary, The Nation, and Partisan Review, three of the most popular national publications during that time. As James was able to gain an audience for his literary works, his popularity also grew, and he was able to visit different American cities with his writing colleagues. By the year 1948, James moved to Paris as he was able to find another fellowship there. James’ stay in Paris enabled him to observe America in a distance; he was able to analyze the American social and political situation critically especially in relation to the African Americans, his race. Considering the wide view by which James observed the socio-political status of America, he was able to evaluate the American system of government objectively. Additionally, he was able to see clearly where he began, which developed in him the sense of determined destination. Thus, James’ stay in France enabled him to see both his beginning and his purposive end. While in France, James was able t

Organizational Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Organizational Culture - Essay Example And that it is the informal "backstage" or company policies, and culture embodied by these policies that determine the values and assumptions of all employees, and their subsequent performance. In the following paper I am taking a reflective approach to concepts discussed in class, and using them as a filter to interpret organizational practices of the organization that I work for, that is NESMA. Organizational leadership. culture and human resource management at NESMA shall be presented and interpreted through he theories presented in contemporary management literature. Throughout this reflective process, I remind myself and the reader of Lewin's (1951) comment that to understand any organization we do by virtue change it, and so any diagnosis that I make will also be an intervention on my part. What a responsibility! [background of me : ) you!! How old, gender, how long been with company, duties within the organization, why taking this management course, what hope to get from it, how is the course relevant to being a manager]. I am inspired in the knowledge that leaders can be developed. Policies implemented within my organization (generic skills training, progression of responsibilities) provide me with opportunities to develop more as a person, and as a contributing member of NESMA. It would be great if my company adopted a more formal mentoring program, as advocated by Buchanan and Huczynski (2004) in their text Organizational Behaviour (5th ed.). I have an informal mentor, however, I would like to see more support from management towards a mentoring program for all levels of our organization. Bennis and Thomas (2002), in their book, Geeks and Geezers: How Era, Values and Defining Moments Shape Leaders, identify factors that are shared across leaders of all cultures. It made a lot of sense to me to view leadership through a filter such as era. Post World War II "geezer" organizations were very military styled, leaders having a commanding or controlling style. Modern organizations are a lot more team-fo cused, with leaders acting as facilitators and encouragers. I can relate to the "geeks" of today, who want a life, not just a career. We accept that diversity is necessary for an organization to grow, and for ourselves to grow as a people. Diversity of thought should be encouraged so as to cultivate personal characteristics that contribute to the organization, and to the employees that make up that organization (Wickenberg & Kylen, 2004). Collaborative problem solving is a much more feasible style of leadership, that enables leaders at all levels of an organization. Service and production can only be enhanced when all employees realize that the sum of their organization can be so much more than the sum of its parts. Bennis and Thomas (2002) also note that geeks want to believe they can contribute, and that they can make a difference in the world. However, this is interesting I think, as the authors point out that contemporary employees have less company loyalty and are becoming entrepreneurs in their wok life. I am one of those employees who are curious, adventurous and experimental in my approach to my working goals, and the goals of my organization. I am willing to try different methods and techniques to lead myself, and to learn to lead others. I understand that change is a necessary part of life, including